Recruitment

Trying to get a job in media is extremely competetive and being a candidate running for a job is extremely hard. While recruiting for a job for big companies or even a small one, they expect for candidates to have either an online or paper portfolio. This gives the employee an opportunity to see what standard your work is and how good you are in certain areas of creative media. They will also expect to see a CV which will be built around the job you are applying for, for example if you are applying for a radio presenting job then design your CV around radio and how you've done experience in creating your own radio shows and why your interested in radio. Then a covering letter which will explain to the employee in detail why you are interested in the job vacancy, how you've found out about it and what you've previously done in detail to why you should be chosen over other people applying for the job. To apply for a job you can go onto mediaweekjobs.com or you can also go on http://jobs.guardian.co.uk/jobs/media/, this is the typical standard way to apply for a job. You can also use networking from your work experience and volunteering to be able to start on small jobs like being a runner on a film production and then work your way up.

Progression

There are many different types of routes you can take in life to finally get a job, In this post I am going to talk about them.
First of all you spend 11-12 years of your life in school working towards the end to get at least 5 GCSE qualifications. This has to include Maths, English and Science, and then the rest of the choices you decide to take, to get into most colleges you have to have your maths GCSE and to get 5 GCSE's at D or above.
Then you go to college to either do a BTEC or A- Levels in Creative Media or Media Studies as an AS level or then go further to do the A Level. If you don't get enough GCSE's to start at level 3 BTEC or to do A levels then you can either start at level 1 or 2 depending on how many you get, which you then have the opportunity to work your way up to level 3 which gives you the opportunity of finishing college and going to university or going straight into work experience or an internship depending on your preferences.
However, you don't always have to go to college, you can get an apprenticeship  in Digital Graphics any many other things which can also lead on to university or even a job.
Next you can go to University and get a degree in anything from Media and Marketing to TV to Film Production which you will do for 3-4 years depending on how long your at university for. While in university you will do many different placements in different companies to build up your contacts and to also get some work experience into working in the media industry depending on which degree you decide to do.
After university people trying to get a job in the media can take years, to build up your own contact list in the media and to build up your CV you need to take volunteering jobs and as many internships as possible to create as much work experience as possible that may put you ahead of other interviewees when applying for a job.
Then after building up your CV as much as you can doing many different small jobs such as being a runner in a film production or being an assistant which will help you gain your knowledge into the media industry then it is time to start applying for jobs, which after doing all work experience hopefully you will be a higher candidate than others in the running for one.
Once getting your job you are still always learning and making progress, the media industry is constantly changing so your portfolio will grow and get bigger as years go on.
You can also work your way up your job, if you start off from work experience or an intern then you may also recieve a job at the end which will help you along the way.

Professional Behavior

In any sort of job you need to have very good, professional behviour; these are the most important key things you need when getting a job:
- Reliability
- Attendance & Punctuality
- Commitment
- Efficiency
- Self Presentation
- Communication Skills
- Contribution to Team Projects
- Time Management
- Personal Responsibility

Reliability is needed because if you are reliable for one job you will be picked for the next, which will help in free lancing jobs and also being a film maker to then get asked to do more jobs.
Attendance & punctuality is very important when getting a job, showing up on time every day shows that you are wanting to do the job and are very keen.
Commitment in the job place is also extremely important because it shows off your strengths in your certain job area which may make you look better compared to other employees.
Efficiency is important as when given a time limit to complete a job such as a film maker has a certain amount of time to complete a video for a company, the company expect the work to be completed at a high standard, this shows that the worker is very efficient and likes to have work completed at a good standard. This helps because then through word of mouth the worker gets more and more jobs.
Self presentation is an extremely valuable point when in a job, if you look good for the job then you are prepared for whats next.
Communication skills are important as if you can communicate well with your group, it also helps when contributing to team projects as you will be able to work better in a team if you can all communicate easy and learn to work in a team well.
Time management is a massive thing when having a job, and with everything else in that matter. When having a job timing is everything and sticking to deadlines is the most important thing.
Personal responsibility is also important, if something goes wrong or needs changing, taking responsibility for your own actions is the best thing to do.

Job Roles

In the media there are many different jobs available from being creative and productive to the more technical side. These are the types of jobs I am going to talk about in this post:
-Creative
-Editorial
-Technical
-Managerial
-Marketing
-Administrative
-Legal
-Financial

Creative jobs tend to be more on the development and the production of the product than in the background. This is mostly the designer of a product or a producer/director of a film who are actually creating the 'product'. Another example of a creative job role is a photographer, they actually take the pictures which is creating the product and having to think of all the designs and making all the decisions.


Editorial job roles in the media industry are more to do with magazines and newspapers. They tend to be the editors and the writers behind the scenes of a printed newspaper and magazine. They have to make sure that the piece they are sending out to the public is completely ethical and also legal, they also have to check out spelling mistakes and making sure that everything is correct. However it isn't just in the newspaper sector of the media. These are a few more editorial job roles within the media:
- Digital Project Manager
- Production Coordinator
- Graphic Designer
- Online Copywriter








Technical job roles in the media industry are more of the handling the technology than the editing side of the production team, even in sound, filming and many other sides. All of the job roles need to ensure that all things are filmed and created to the highest standard. Technical jobs include all camera operators, lighting technicians sound operators.

Managerial job roles in the media industry are the people who are in charge of all the employees and the people who make all the decisions. They have the power to have the final say in what happens and what the employees have to do next. An example of a managerial job is a Marketing manager, they have to make sure their company is the top in the competition with others and make sure their sale strategies are the best in the area or even the country, they have to manage the marketing budget for the company also. They have to make sure everyone is working to their best potential and that everything within the company is running smoothly.



Administrative job roles are one of the most important roles in the process of creating a production. There is lots of paper work to do before any sort of production starts on any type of shoot from photography to film and TV production. These workers complete all the pre-production work and make sure everything is organised, booked and in check for everything to start. For a film/TV production there are many things such as risk assessments, recce's, contact sheets and many others to fill out. They have to make sure everything happens on time and if it doesn't then figure out what happens next.


Legal job roles focus on all legal aspects of any type of production, this means that they have to deal with any legal issues or law suits which may come from a production. They also have to make sure that before things get filmed or printed they need to make sure that everything is okay for the general public to view.

Financial jobs in the media look after all the expenses during a production, shoot, printing and more. They have to  make sure that the company sticks to the budget and doesn't go over, this is so they can create profit from the product. They have to make sure the company don't spend money unnecessary which benefits the company in the long run as the company ends up spending less money.

Employment Oppertunities in the Creative Media Sectors.

Contract Types
A contract is a legal agreement in which you sign to agree to abide by the rules of that certain job. In the contract it will include how many hours you are supposed to work, how many holidays you are allowed per year, what your pay is and if you are contracted to work certain days every single week.
Contracts are important so that both parties of the signed agreement understand what they expect from the imployee and the imployee understands what is expected of them.
There are many different types of contracts, such as:
- Part Time Contracts
- Full Time Contracts
- Casual Contracts
- Fixed Term Contracts
- Freelance Contracts
- On Completion Contracts
Each one is a different type and you sign up to different things.
Part time contracts are usually people in college or in education. You are contracted to only work up to 16-18hrs for an 18 year old. Under 18 is less. An advantage of part time is that you can get extra money on top of what you are doing whether your working or in college, a disadvantage is that there isn't always work. An example of this is if you are working as a waitress in a restaurant and you only work when its busy or when you are needed, so you may only work up to 5 hours a week which isn't alot, and another week you may end up working 16 hours, just depends on how busy the restaurant is.
Full time contracts are 37 - 39 hours per week. An advantage of this is that you have guarenteed work each week, a disadvantage of this is that you don't have much free time to do other things. Or that you may be on a low waige such as a runner for a tv production may only get £15,000 and may not cover there living costs depending on where they are living, this means that they have to get a part time job on top of this working in there spare time.
Casual contracts are similar to temporary contracts, you may only work for a certain amount of time for one thing or you work when a company needs you, such as a photographer may get a contract to take photos for a magazine for 1 month then move on to the next job. An advantage of this is that you can get jobs easy as you have experience in working in different companies, another advantage is that you only work when someone needs you, this can also be a disadvantage as you may be down on money because of it. Another disadvantage of this is that you may not get work for a while.
Fixed term contracts are also similar to temporary, it means that they are employed to work for a certain amount of time. At the start, a contract will be signed to agree the period of time which will be worked. After that period of time is up with employer can decide whether to keep them on and  put them on a new contract depending on how they worked in the previous one, or let them go to find another job.
Free-lance contracts are self employed workers. This means that they don't work for any company but their own. They have to advertise their own company them selves and build a reputation through their own clientele, also by word of mouth whether if people like the work they have done then tell their friends and so on. Free lancers tend to get paid hourly with the jobs they are given, so depending how long the job is they may not get as much money as others. However, free lancers only get paid when doing a job, so if they haven't done a job in a week or so, they don't get paid for it.
On Completion contracts can be for any amount of time. They are given a certain amount of time that the job has to be completed for which they are then paid after if they meet the deadline the client has given them. An example of this is if a client gave a producer and director a deadline to create a an advertising video for a specific thing which the client then expects to be completed.

Regulatory Bodies

There are six main regulatory bodies i am going to talk about.
They are:

• British Board of Classification
• Advertising Standard Authority
• Press Complaints Commision
• Performing Rights Society
• Ofcom
• Mechanical Copywright Performance

British Board of Classification

The BBFC regulates movies and video games. This means that when films and video games are made the BBFC watch them and then decide whether the film is appropriate for certain ages. This is a photo of the certificates that were changed and released in 2002.

The BBFC have to consider many things such as
- Drugs
- Sex
- Horror
- Language
- Nudity
- Violence
they have to consider these to make sure that films are acceptable to show to the public and of the correct ages.
If you sell DVD's to underage people of the classification you can get up to 6 months imprisonment and fined £5000.
If you sell films with out having a classification, then is it illegal. The BBFC have to check every single film to see whether the film needs cutting down or whether bits need editing and re-shot to make it acceptable for people to watch. An example of this is 'A Serbian Film' it had to have 49 different cuts and 11 second cuts due to the reference to children in demeaning ways. However if the film is so bad the BBFC can refuse the film to be shown to public, this is then illegal to watch.
 The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) is an independent, non-governmental body, which decides on what content is acceptable to be shown for certain ratings in the cinema. It’s been set up since 1985.
The BBFC was set up in order to bring a degree of uniformity to those standards. The object was to create a body which could make judgements that were acceptable nationally. To this end the BBFC has needed to earn the trust of the local authorities, Parliament, the press and the public.

Advertising Standard Authority
The ASA is a self regulating body which monitor he distribution of advertisements across the U.K. They regulate every form of advertisement ranging from physical billboards to online advertisements on the internet.
The purpose of the ASA is to try to keep advertisements within the UK and to refrain advertisers from causing potention harm to the public. They take thousands of complaints a year for a range of reasons for potentially hamful material, obscene or offensive material and misleading information or false advertising.
History of the ASA:
- In 1961 with the launch of adverts on television between programmes, they had to be controlled by legislation. in 1961 it was decided that non-broadcaster could be trusted and so the committee of advertising practice.
- In 1962 the CAP set up the ASA to help regulate the newly created code for advertisements.
- From 2010 onwards the ASA are a massively known company. Due to the massive rise of the digital age the ASA now cover advertisements on videos on demand and online from websites to applications.
An example of the ASA being in control is the website for American Apparel. They had recieved many complaints due to the sexual content of girls modeling t-shirts and tights with out wearing any under layer. People then complained at the age of the young models and didn't think it was appropriate for women and men of all ages looking.
Another example is Apple. They had been involved in two massive things with the ASA. One is that they claimed to sell the worlds fastest computer, in 2004, its Power Mac G5 system was judged to be questionable. Also in 2008 they claimed that the new iPhone could access all of the internet, this was not true as the lack of major plug-ins such as flash, they recieved many complaints the advertisement was banned.

Press Complaints Commission 
The PCC is an organisation created to manage the press. They control a set of rules which the press must follow. The Press Complaints Commission was founded in 1995, with the first chairman Lord Wakeham.
The PCC deals with all editorially controlled content in the UK including newspapers and magazines and websites. This includes:
- Articles and pictures
- Words, audio, pictures and videos on websites from the newspapers and magazines.
They also deal with the physical behaviour of journalists, this includes:
- Persistent pursuit on other people, most likely celebrities.
- Not listening to requests from other people to stop taking photographs or intruding in their business.
- Failing to obtain the consent before speaking to children or people in hospital.
An example of this is the case between DJ's Michael Christian and Mel Grieg after doing a hoax phone call on the radio station to the hospital where Kate Middleton was very sick. They rang to try and get information, without realising they would get put through. They recieved detailed information about Kate Middleton and there was a huge scandle.
There are a set of rules editors need to follow called the 'Editors Code', these rules include taking care to not publish incorrect or misleading information. If they have inaccurate information which may be out of date and the information has been updated the reporters have to go back and update their information as out of date information is not allowed. Also, the editors need to make sure that what ever they write has to be fact and not an opinion.
Journalists also have rules to not engage in indimidation harrassment or persistent pursuit while trying to collect information from celebrities. They must also grant the celebrities wishes if they say to leave them alone or not to be photographed or video'd.
Editors must make sure these are observed by those working for them and make sure that they agree to the rules.

Performing Rights Society for music.
The performing rights society regulates copyrighted music, making sure that if music is played, the artist will get paid royalties. When playing music on the radio or TV, they must have a licence from the artist so they are legally allowed to play their music.
The PRS was founded in 1914 for collecting fees for live performances. In 1997, the PRS joined with the Mechanical Copyright Protection Society to form the MCPS-PRS Alliance. In 2009, they changed the nae to PRS For Music, which is what it is known for to this date.
In 2007 the PRS took a Scottish car servising company to courst as the employees were listening to the radio, allowing the music to be heard by any one. Also in 2008, they accused 11 police stations of failure to obtain permits to play music which has the consiquenses of an injuction and payment.
In 2008, the PRS began an injunction where public premises have to pay an annual licence to play the radio, depending on the size of the premises it depended on the price.

Ofcom
The office of communications is a government approved regulatory body that monitors all ethics and practises of the broadcasting, postal services and telecommunication industry. Ofcom was established in 2002 when they recieved full authority after its establishment from the communications act 2003.
Ofcom manage:
- Television
- Radio
- Telecommunications
- Wireless Communications
- Consumer Protection Law
The Complaints Procedure:
The complaints procedure can be made through their website ofcom.org.uk. If Ofcom decide that the source of media has breached the broadcasting code, they have to consider an invesitgation.
Depending on how bad the breaking of the rules are, Ofcom may decide to issue a statutory sanction against the broadcaster. They also have the ability to fine anybody in the court of law for not abiding by the Broadcasting Act 1990.




Monopoly
Monopoly is when a specific company have a hold over the majority of a particular market. This reduces the competition which means that smaller companies have a harder chance of succeeding in the world of media. An example of a 'monopoly' is Rupert Murdoch. He owns owns most of the worlds press and media, this means that there isn't as much room and is really hard for independent companies and other stake holders to make it big.
A monopoly has its advantages and disadvantages, a disadvantage is that if a company has a monopoly they won't be investing in other businesses which causes a massive effect on the market and can stop new companies coming into the new market. An advantage is that a monopoly can increase the revenue of a business which means they can invest in bigger things to make the company a lot better than others who don't make as much revenue.

Why is it important to ensure that not one single media producer in the UK has a monopoly?
This is extremely important to keep a range of business and producers owning different parts of the media because if one person owns everything they have monopoly, such as Rupert Merdoch.
Having one person owning everything is really bad for the media industry because of other businesses and entrepreneurs trying to make it into the media industry, it will also stop diversity and no new ideas or products will be coming in, which will stop competition between different styles of the media, such as newspapers.

Why is consumer choice important?
Consumer choice means giving customers their own choice in regards to how they purchase the products. This means that when buying a product from a company and having the option to purchase via the internet gives them choice and makes things more convenient for the customer depending on their situation. This also means that sales will increase because if people can't go out shopping they now have the option to order it digitally e.g. via phone, computer, iPad etc. Many companies can do this over there website, this creates competition between similar shops as many people can then purchase things online which creates diversity between different companies with different products.An example of this is 'Samsung' which started out as a trading company dealing with groceries, now it deals with phones, tv's, tablets, cameras and home devices. This gives choice between the company of what customers can but.

What is censorship?Censorship is the act of withholding information or a production from the general public. The British Board or Film Classification regulate censorship by creating a certificate for films depending on which age you are, this is so that just incase there are harmful and offensive footage for the younger age which shouldn't be seen. Another example through media is the Advertising Standards Authority who control the censorship of advertisements in the UK.

This is an example of the ASA banning an advertisement, this is Cillit Bangs advert with Barry Scott. This got banned because customers felt that the advertisement falsely exaggerated the capabilities of the product.

What are the arguments for and against Censorship?
The arguments for censorship is that ff Britain didn't have it then many harmful advertisements would be exposed to certain ages of the public that shouldn't be exposed to. This means that if certain advertisements of films with out the correct certificate can have a bad influence on the younger ages.
The arguments against censorship is that it can stop good advertisements being published due to the time it was released if there was something similar going on in the news, this then may restrict what the public see which they may enjoy, this is also with films aswell, if they need to be censored this may stop the public from seeing the most important part of the film.

Why should under 18's be subject to particular considerations by regulators?

Under 18's are extremely important in the regulations of media, because under 18's aren't classed as adults so they need to be protected for many things. This then brings in data protection and privacy due to not being an adult. They need to be protected within the media due to explicit things shown through films or advertisements.  

Legal and Ethical Constraints in the Media

Legal Constraints In the Media
When creating a new product in the media there are many different laws that need to be obided. In this post I will discuss these laws and why they need to be followed. 

Copyright
Copyright was first produced in the 1800's, Charles II of England was concerned over the mass printing of none categorized or recorded books as they arent recorded so can be copied by anyone, the Copyright law then look over brochures, newspapers, theatrical work, music, drawings, paintings, buildings, sculptures, designs, photographic work and computer programmes. The holder or the copyright has several exclusive rights to the piece of media they have created, such as the holder has rights to make copies or reproductions of their own work to sell to other buyers interested. They also have the right to import and export their own work and to create something quite similar to their own product, they are also allowed to display their work publicly when ever they like via radio or video or what ever they choose to do.
Two examples of Copyright is the Apple VS Samsung and A&M Records VS Napster in 2001. Napster was one of the biggest file sharing websites for songs of any genre and any age, A&M records brought in a copyright infringement case accusing Napster of stealing music and making it available to the world for free, the site was shut down in 2012 after a $26 million fued with many different recording companies and songwriters for selling there songs for free, this could have been worse if Napster didnt apologize and shut down the website.
Another example is when Megaupload was shut down by US officials for illigally showing films and tv programmes for free. This site was one of the worlds popular free file sharing websites, this has now been closed due to accusations of the founder and other workers were charged with violating a number of laws. Megaupload has cost copyright holders a loss of £320 million in revenue from films to other media.

Broadcasting Act 1990

The broadcasting act was the reformation of the television licensing which led to the replacement of two parties: The Independent Television Committee and the Radio Authority. This act is seen as a key factor of Thatcher-ism as the legislation incorporated market ideology into British broadcasting. Thatcher-ism promotes low inflation and free markets through tight control of the money supply and the constraints on the labour movement. This has effected television production ever since.
The advantages of the Broadcasting Act is that it generated more competition and commercial pressure with different competitors. It also encouraged more independent productions. 
The disadvantages of the Broadcasting Act is that no-one knows how much it actually deregulated the media industry and also caused mass commercialisation. 
An example of the Broadcasting act is the radio authority gave XFM a fine of £50,000 in 1999 for two different breakfast broadcasts which mentioned offensive language and many other unpleasant sexual references. 

Official Secrets Act

The official secrets act is a legislation that secures the protection of state secrets and official information which is mainly related to national security. It's purpose is to protect the public with any personal and secret information being leaked into the national media. If information is mentioned that isn't supposed to be in the media yet, which is linked to the police, this could cause serious damage to a current investigation with the police which may set them back in terms of solving the crime. This is a massive breach of the official secrets act. Another example is when the News of the World's hacking scandal in 2006, this was when journalist's were hacking phones of people who were in the lime light at that current time, but worse Millie Dowler who was a missing girl at the time, by them hacking into her phone it gave the parents hope that she was still alive, unfortunately she wasn't. They also hacked into many MP's phones, they breached the Official Secrets Act and the News of the World had to be shut down.

Obscene Publications Act 1959

The Obscene Publications act was made so that when certain material became to offensive to show on television or play on the radio that it became a statutory offence which then gave the courts permission to remove the footage. This was introduced by Lord Campbell, the Lord of Chief Justice. The first ever offence given by the Obscene Publications Act was for William Dugdale who was sentenced to prison after finding out his books were found pornographic and too offensive to read.
Examples of The Obscene Publications Act is the film The Human Centipede 2. 

This trailer was shown as offensive and so discusting and unethical that they had to take it down, personally i was expecting worse but the main idea of the film isnt exactly ethical.

Another example is when Darryn Walker appeared at Newcastle Crown Court on the 22nd October charged with the Obscene publications act in 2009. He supposedly wrote a story about 'Girls (scream) Aloud' as he claimed which was reported by the police. The article claimed that he imagined Girls Aloud being kidnapped, raped and murdered, this was found on the internet by the Internet Watch Foundation and then taken down. This is ethically wrong as the age range for Girls Aloud is aimed at young girls and if they search on the internet and come across this, this may be traumatizing.

Libel/Slander law

There are two types of defamation. Libel law and slander, the difference between them both is that libel is written and slander is spoken. Defamation is false accusations of someones words or actions either written (Libel) or spoken (Slander) which isn't true then that person can sue. Many sectors of the media industry have to be extremely careful with libel law, mostly publishing. This is due to when newspapers print an article they need to make sure that everything is completely correct before hand, if they print an inaccurate article on an individual then they are breaking the libel law. An example of this is when Frankie Boyle was accused by the Daily Mirror for calling him a racist comedian, this was not true and Frankie won £54,650 after a high court jury found that the Daily Mail made false accusations. This also doesn't have to be humans, if a negative incorrect article is published on the internet about a company, the person who wrote the article can be sued for breaching libel law.


Ethical
Ethical constraints are different to legal, ethical is what is accepted in the norms of society, its what is right and what is wrong way to behave with out offending anyone. This is covered by self regulatory industry codes, in media this is up to the producer and the director to make the decision of whether things are ethically correct or not.
An example of ethical issues is the Jonathan Ross and Russel Brands scandal, where they rang Andrew Sax as he didn't turn into their radio 2 show. They rang and made derogatory terms towards his grandaughter Georgina Baillie numerous times, after doing it they tried again and left many voice mails on his phone trying to appolagise but ended up making it worse. They breached many Ofcom rules such as:
- Rule 2.1
- Rule 2.3
- Rule 8.1
They were fined £70,000 for the rules 2.1 abd 2.3 and an extra £80,000 for the rule 8.1.
In total 37,500 complaints were made to the BBC, this was only after 2 complaints were made and then the media took hold of the story and then it became the headline of every newspaper in Britain. Jonothan Ross was suspended form work for 12 weeks with out any pay.
BBC were fined £150,000 from Ofcom to and had to go through many precedures and high risk programmes to get back on track.
Another example is:
The Leveson Inquiry:
The Leveson Inquiry is a public inquiry in the British press following reports of many scandals including the News International phone hacking scandle which caused massive disruption with the public. The Leveson Inquiry was published in November 2012, they started to over look everything in the media from the culture to the ethics. They tried to replace the body of the Press Complaints Commission to make sure everyone was sticking to the rules given to them by the PCC.
The phone hacking scandle ended up with the News Of The World being shut down, as they got into the phone messages of the murdered young girl Milly Dowler, this gave hope to her parents as they assumed she was listening to her voicemails so they could leave more and it wasn't getting full, unfortunetely this wasn't the case and News Of The Worlds editor Clive Goodman was convicted. This then opened up a massive scandle into the British press and they then started looking into many other thins including JK Rowling, the author of the Harry Potter series. A journalist went to her 5 year old daughters school, and some how managed to slip a note requesting an interview with Rowling herself, whether it was from one of the other parents she didn't know, she felt an invasion from the press and also her own daughters school was no longer safe from journalists. Rowling then found out than the Scottish Sun spoke to her daughters headmaster claiming bullying accusations from other pupils and parents which was not at all the case. This was an invasion of her privacy and something had to be done.
Another story is Charlotte Church, the singer told the inquiry that she was pressured into singing at Rupert Murdochs wedding for a tolal of £100,00. She was bribed with a promise to recieve 'good press', Murdoch also persuaded her into singing at his wedding by saying he would release information of her dads current affair, and that he would write horrible things about her also. She and her parents recieved £600,000 to compensate for the trauma caused.

Ethical constraints also include:
- Representation of Age, Gender, Race, Disability, Religion
- Protection of under 18's
- Using off the record information
- Power to influence the public
- Interviewing vulnerable people or children
- Intruding on individuals privacy
- Anything that could cause offence or harm.

You have to abide by certain rules that are created by society while in the media. When including under 18's in your TV programme, radio station or interview in a magazine you have to make sure that everything is appropriate and that also nothing legally under the privacy law is obtained. You also have to make sure while asking questions or showing a person on TV of any age that the representation of age, gender, race, disability or religion is ethically correct, such as you cannot show someone being overly racist or show disability in a bad light. Without persuading people into the views of the TV programme or the director of the programme, they are allowed to show their views with out persuading people into believing what they are portraying. Intruding on individuals privacy mostly counts for journalists getting information for a newspaper or magazine but they have to take into account the person being interviewed and what they would like to be asked or how much they would like to be followed about etc. an example of this is The Leveson Inquiry when a journalist puts a piece of paper in J.K Rowlings daughters bag to request an interview with the author or Harry Potter. This is an invasion of privacy and they need to watch how much they get involved in peoples lives. Using 'Off the record information' means that the journalist has to respect the interviewee or the person they want to interview, they are not allowed to betray the trust by using information inappropriately or changing the information given slightly by putting them in a bad light.





As a producer or anyone working in the media, legal and ethical constraints are massive things to obide by. If i were to produce a film these are some of the things that may affect my production:
- If i were to use offensive language i would have to think about who the audience is and what time it would be shown on tv etc.
- I would also have to make sure in the script that the actors didn't say anything that the public may find offensive or may give away certain information i shouldn't to obide by the official secrets act.
- I would have to make sure that my story line doesn't include any sort of offence to the public as then i wouldn't be able to show certain parts of my film, and then i would have to change the story line afterwards.
If i was to work for the BBC, I would have to follow certain guidelines to be a professional producer.
This is the link I found on the internet which is given the producer the guidelines for the BBC.
http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=2&sqi=2&ved=0CDsQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdownloads.bbc.co.uk%2Fguidelines%2Feditorialguidelines%2FLegacy_Guidelines%2F2000-producers-guidelines.pdf&ei=H8zCUbqlO4WJhQfEg4DgAg&usg=AFQjCNHrWPLUvRsKwma1RCZoYfFsJAaPRg&sig2=pZvVX6U-2GACJSQwf2bEpw